"""HTML utilities suitable for global use."""
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import re
import warnings
from django.utils.deprecation import RemovedInDjango18Warning
from django.utils.encoding import force_text, force_str
from django.utils.functional import allow_lazy
from django.utils.safestring import SafeData, mark_safe
from django.utils import six
from django.utils.six.moves.urllib.parse import quote, unquote, urlsplit, urlunsplit
from django.utils.text import normalize_newlines
from .html_parser import HTMLParser, HTMLParseError
# Configuration for urlize() function.
TRAILING_PUNCTUATION = ['.', ',', ':', ';', '.)', '"', '\'']
WRAPPING_PUNCTUATION = [('(', ')'), ('<', '>'), ('[', ']'), ('<', '>'), ('"', '"'), ('\'', '\'')]
# List of possible strings used for bullets in bulleted lists.
DOTS = ['·', '*', '\u2022', '•', '•', '•']
unencoded_ampersands_re = re.compile(r'&(?!(\w+|#\d+);)')
word_split_re = re.compile(r'(\s+)')
simple_url_re = re.compile(r'^https?://\[?\w', re.IGNORECASE)
simple_url_2_re = re.compile(r'^www\.|^(?!http)\w[^@]+\.(com|edu|gov|int|mil|net|org)$', re.IGNORECASE)
simple_email_re = re.compile(r'^\S+@\S+\.\S+$')
link_target_attribute_re = re.compile(r'(<a [^>]*?)target=[^\s>]+')
html_gunk_re = re.compile(r'(?:<br clear="all">|<i><\/i>|<b><\/b>|<em><\/em>|<strong><\/strong>|<\/?smallcaps>|<\/?uppercase>)', re.IGNORECASE)
hard_coded_bullets_re = re.compile(r'((?:<p>(?:%s).*?[a-zA-Z].*?</p>\s*)+)' % '|'.join(re.escape(x) for x in DOTS), re.DOTALL)
trailing_empty_content_re = re.compile(r'(?:<p>(?: |\s|<br \/>)*?</p>\s*)+\Z')
[docs]def escape(text):
"""
Returns the given text with ampersands, quotes and angle brackets encoded
for use in HTML.
This function always escapes its input, even if it's already escaped and
marked as such. This may result in double-escaping. If this is a concern,
use conditional_escape() instead.
"""
return mark_safe(force_text(text).replace('&', '&').replace('<', '<').replace('>', '>').replace('"', '"').replace("'", '''))
escape = allow_lazy(escape, six.text_type)
_js_escapes = {
ord('\\'): '\\u005C',
ord('\''): '\\u0027',
ord('"'): '\\u0022',
ord('>'): '\\u003E',
ord('<'): '\\u003C',
ord('&'): '\\u0026',
ord('='): '\\u003D',
ord('-'): '\\u002D',
ord(';'): '\\u003B',
ord('\u2028'): '\\u2028',
ord('\u2029'): '\\u2029'
}
# Escape every ASCII character with a value less than 32.
_js_escapes.update((ord('%c' % z), '\\u%04X' % z) for z in range(32))
def escapejs(value):
"""Hex encodes characters for use in JavaScript strings."""
return mark_safe(force_text(value).translate(_js_escapes))
escapejs = allow_lazy(escapejs, six.text_type)
[docs]def conditional_escape(text):
"""
Similar to escape(), except that it doesn't operate on pre-escaped strings.
This function relies on the __html__ convention used both by Django's
SafeData class and by third-party libraries like markupsafe.
"""
if hasattr(text, '__html__'):
return text.__html__()
else:
return escape(text)
[docs]def format_html(format_string, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Similar to str.format, but passes all arguments through conditional_escape,
and calls 'mark_safe' on the result. This function should be used instead
of str.format or % interpolation to build up small HTML fragments.
"""
args_safe = map(conditional_escape, args)
kwargs_safe = dict((k, conditional_escape(v)) for (k, v) in six.iteritems(kwargs))
return mark_safe(format_string.format(*args_safe, **kwargs_safe))
[docs]def format_html_join(sep, format_string, args_generator):
"""
A wrapper of format_html, for the common case of a group of arguments that
need to be formatted using the same format string, and then joined using
'sep'. 'sep' is also passed through conditional_escape.
'args_generator' should be an iterator that returns the sequence of 'args'
that will be passed to format_html.
Example:
format_html_join('\n', "<li>{0} {1}</li>", ((u.first_name, u.last_name)
for u in users))
"""
return mark_safe(conditional_escape(sep).join(
format_html(format_string, *tuple(args))
for args in args_generator))
def linebreaks(value, autoescape=False):
"""Converts newlines into <p> and <br />s."""
value = normalize_newlines(value)
paras = re.split('\n{2,}', value)
if autoescape:
paras = ['<p>%s</p>' % escape(p).replace('\n', '<br />') for p in paras]
else:
paras = ['<p>%s</p>' % p.replace('\n', '<br />') for p in paras]
return '\n\n'.join(paras)
linebreaks = allow_lazy(linebreaks, six.text_type)
class MLStripper(HTMLParser):
def __init__(self):
if six.PY2:
HTMLParser.__init__(self)
else:
HTMLParser.__init__(self, strict=False)
self.reset()
self.fed = []
def handle_data(self, d):
self.fed.append(d)
def handle_entityref(self, name):
self.fed.append('&%s;' % name)
def handle_charref(self, name):
self.fed.append('&#%s;' % name)
def get_data(self):
return ''.join(self.fed)
def _strip_once(value):
"""
Internal tag stripping utility used by strip_tags.
"""
s = MLStripper()
try:
s.feed(value)
except HTMLParseError:
return value
try:
s.close()
except (HTMLParseError, UnboundLocalError):
# UnboundLocalError because of http://bugs.python.org/issue17802
# on Python 3.2, triggered by strict=False mode of HTMLParser
return s.get_data() + s.rawdata
else:
return s.get_data()
[docs]def strip_tags(value):
"""Returns the given HTML with all tags stripped."""
# Note: in typical case this loop executes _strip_once once. Loop condition
# is redundant, but helps to reduce number of executions of _strip_once.
while '<' in value and '>' in value:
new_value = _strip_once(value)
if len(new_value) >= len(value):
# _strip_once was not able to detect more tags or length increased
# due to http://bugs.python.org/issue20288
# (affects Python 2 < 2.7.7 and Python 3 < 3.3.5)
break
value = new_value
return value
strip_tags = allow_lazy(strip_tags)
[docs]def remove_tags(html, tags):
"""Returns the given HTML with given tags removed."""
tags = [re.escape(tag) for tag in tags.split()]
tags_re = '(%s)' % '|'.join(tags)
starttag_re = re.compile(r'<%s(/?>|(\s+[^>]*>))' % tags_re, re.U)
endtag_re = re.compile('</%s>' % tags_re)
html = starttag_re.sub('', html)
html = endtag_re.sub('', html)
return html
remove_tags = allow_lazy(remove_tags, six.text_type)
def strip_spaces_between_tags(value):
"""Returns the given HTML with spaces between tags removed."""
return re.sub(r'>\s+<', '><', force_text(value))
strip_spaces_between_tags = allow_lazy(strip_spaces_between_tags, six.text_type)
def strip_entities(value):
"""Returns the given HTML with all entities (&something;) stripped."""
return re.sub(r'&(?:\w+|#\d+);', '', force_text(value))
strip_entities = allow_lazy(strip_entities, six.text_type)
def fix_ampersands(value):
"""Returns the given HTML with all unencoded ampersands encoded correctly."""
# As fix_ampersands is wrapped in allow_lazy, stacklevel 3 is more useful than 2.
warnings.warn("The fix_ampersands function is deprecated and will be removed in Django 1.8.",
RemovedInDjango18Warning, stacklevel=3)
return unencoded_ampersands_re.sub('&', force_text(value))
fix_ampersands = allow_lazy(fix_ampersands, six.text_type)
def smart_urlquote(url):
"Quotes a URL if it isn't already quoted."
# Handle IDN before quoting.
try:
scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urlsplit(url)
try:
netloc = netloc.encode('idna').decode('ascii') # IDN -> ACE
except UnicodeError: # invalid domain part
pass
else:
url = urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment))
except ValueError:
# invalid IPv6 URL (normally square brackets in hostname part).
pass
url = unquote(force_str(url))
# See http://bugs.python.org/issue2637
url = quote(url, safe=b'!*\'();:@&=+$,/?#[]~')
return force_text(url)
def urlize(text, trim_url_limit=None, nofollow=False, autoescape=False):
"""
Converts any URLs in text into clickable links.
Works on http://, https://, www. links, and also on links ending in one of
the original seven gTLDs (.com, .edu, .gov, .int, .mil, .net, and .org).
Links can have trailing punctuation (periods, commas, close-parens) and
leading punctuation (opening parens) and it'll still do the right thing.
If trim_url_limit is not None, the URLs in the link text longer than this
limit will be truncated to trim_url_limit-3 characters and appended with
an ellipsis.
If nofollow is True, the links will get a rel="nofollow" attribute.
If autoescape is True, the link text and URLs will be autoescaped.
"""
def trim_url(x, limit=trim_url_limit):
if limit is None or len(x) <= limit:
return x
return '%s...' % x[:max(0, limit - 3)]
safe_input = isinstance(text, SafeData)
words = word_split_re.split(force_text(text))
for i, word in enumerate(words):
if '.' in word or '@' in word or ':' in word:
# Deal with punctuation.
lead, middle, trail = '', word, ''
for punctuation in TRAILING_PUNCTUATION:
if middle.endswith(punctuation):
middle = middle[:-len(punctuation)]
trail = punctuation + trail
for opening, closing in WRAPPING_PUNCTUATION:
if middle.startswith(opening):
middle = middle[len(opening):]
lead = lead + opening
# Keep parentheses at the end only if they're balanced.
if (middle.endswith(closing)
and middle.count(closing) == middle.count(opening) + 1):
middle = middle[:-len(closing)]
trail = closing + trail
# Make URL we want to point to.
url = None
nofollow_attr = ' rel="nofollow"' if nofollow else ''
if simple_url_re.match(middle):
url = smart_urlquote(middle)
elif simple_url_2_re.match(middle):
url = smart_urlquote('http://%s' % middle)
elif ':' not in middle and simple_email_re.match(middle):
local, domain = middle.rsplit('@', 1)
try:
domain = domain.encode('idna').decode('ascii')
except UnicodeError:
continue
url = 'mailto:%s@%s' % (local, domain)
nofollow_attr = ''
# Make link.
if url:
trimmed = trim_url(middle)
if autoescape and not safe_input:
lead, trail = escape(lead), escape(trail)
url, trimmed = escape(url), escape(trimmed)
middle = '<a href="%s"%s>%s</a>' % (url, nofollow_attr, trimmed)
words[i] = mark_safe('%s%s%s' % (lead, middle, trail))
else:
if safe_input:
words[i] = mark_safe(word)
elif autoescape:
words[i] = escape(word)
elif safe_input:
words[i] = mark_safe(word)
elif autoescape:
words[i] = escape(word)
return ''.join(words)
urlize = allow_lazy(urlize, six.text_type)
def clean_html(text):
"""
Clean the given HTML. Specifically, do the following:
* Convert <b> and <i> to <strong> and <em>.
* Encode all ampersands correctly.
* Remove all "target" attributes from <a> tags.
* Remove extraneous HTML, such as presentational tags that open and
immediately close and <br clear="all">.
* Convert hard-coded bullets into HTML unordered lists.
* Remove stuff like "<p> </p>", but only if it's at the
bottom of the text.
"""
# As clean_html is wrapped in allow_lazy, stacklevel 3 is more useful than 2.
warnings.warn("The clean_html function is deprecated and will be removed in Django 1.8.",
RemovedInDjango18Warning, stacklevel=3)
text = normalize_newlines(text)
text = re.sub(r'<(/?)\s*b\s*>', '<\\1strong>', text)
text = re.sub(r'<(/?)\s*i\s*>', '<\\1em>', text)
text = fix_ampersands(text)
# Remove all target="" attributes from <a> tags.
text = link_target_attribute_re.sub('\\1', text)
# Trim stupid HTML such as <br clear="all">.
text = html_gunk_re.sub('', text)
# Convert hard-coded bullets into HTML unordered lists.
def replace_p_tags(match):
s = match.group().replace('</p>', '</li>')
for d in DOTS:
s = s.replace('<p>%s' % d, '<li>')
return '<ul>\n%s\n</ul>' % s
text = hard_coded_bullets_re.sub(replace_p_tags, text)
# Remove stuff like "<p> </p>", but only if it's at the bottom
# of the text.
text = trailing_empty_content_re.sub('', text)
return text
clean_html = allow_lazy(clean_html, six.text_type)
def avoid_wrapping(value):
"""
Avoid text wrapping in the middle of a phrase by adding non-breaking
spaces where there previously were normal spaces.
"""
return value.replace(" ", "\xa0")
Feb 24, 2017